Components of vapor compression refrigeration system. Some basic refrigeration cycles are discussed here through different diagrams. Assume the system to operate on a single stage saturated sss cycle. Introduction to commercial building hvac systems and. Absorption cycle vapor compression cycle during the compression cycle, the refrigerant passes through four major components within the chiller. The compressor the condensing coil the metering device the evaporator 3. Learning outcomes definition of heat components in a refrigeration system ts diagram of refrigeration cycle. Check pages 1 4 of refrigeration lab report2037 in the flip pdf version. Pdf basic refrigeration cycle find, read and cite all the research you need on. The basic refrigeration cycle explained below involves the following components and respective functions. Refrigeratorfreezer is a major household appliance designed for preserving foods through refrigerating and freezing.
Bacnet is an open protocol in control that enables system components from. Refrigeration cycle tutorial university of oklahoma. Part 1 fundamentals of refrigeration part 2 refrigeration system components part 3 the refrigeration load part 4. Ts diagram and major components for carnot refrigerator. At the main component level, components such as fans, coils, compressors, boilers. The condensed liquid is supplied to a device that reduces pressure, cools the liquid by flashing vapor, and meters the flow. Two different pressures exist in the refrigeration cycle. Refrigeration fundamentals 2175 west park place blvd. The mechanical system used for this aim is a vapor compression refrigeration system, which usually consists of a compressor, a condenser, an evaporator, and an expansion device. Ph diagram representation of a dry refrigeration cycle. In this component, the refrigerant starts as a cold, twophase substance part liquid, part vapor and is boiled. The refrigeration cycle in easy to understand descriptions. Explain the basic concepts and principles of refrigeration cycle, analyze refrigeration cycle problems in a systematic and logical manner, and able to relate 2nd law of. Basic refrigeration cycle nina sri maulani 121624023 tptu 2012 2.
The refrigerants generally used for this purpose are ammonia nh 3, carbon dioxide co 2 and sulphurdioxide so 2. Mechanical refrigeration works by changing the the majority of heat is removed from the the majority of the works by removedchanging the absorbed heat is state of the refrigerant. This video is an animation of how the refrigeration cycle works, with each components function. Download refrigeration lab report2037 pdf for free. Kolmetz handbook of process equipment design refrigeration. Components of vapor compression refrigeration system slideshare. A thorough understanding of system operation is needed to be a technician.
For cooling air at the evaporators and for condenser heat rejection to ambient air or evaporative condensers, use the same procedures. In the ultra low temperature field today the use of a compound system has given way to the cascade system almost 100%. The temperatures achieved by these systems range from 1. Read full notes on the refrigeration cycle working principle under thermodynamics subject.
The reversed carnot cycle is the most efficient refrigeration cycle operating between tl and th. The major components and phases of the refrigeration cycle will be observed. Introduction to commercial building hvac systems and energy. Highpressure refrigerant is cooled in a counterflow heat exchanger hx to liquid, and then expanded through a jt valve typically into twophase region for the return flow of cold refrigerant at low pressure. These systems consist of an evaporator, a condenser, a compressor and an expansion valve. So refrigeration cycle should be known to understand the refrigeration system. Refrigeration and air conditioning technology gunt hamburg. Vapour compression refrigeration cycle is the most widely used refrigeration system. A refrigerant is a fluid used for heat transfer in a refrigeration system. The stateoftheart in current mechanical refrigeration technology involves the transfer of the refrigerant through its liquid and vapor states by mechanical compression, condensation, and evaporation. Refrigeration manual, and follows part 1, fundamentals of refrigeration. Due to its low boiling temperature a very high pressure level results. Jan 11, 2018 basic vapor compression cycle, the carnot cyclefour main elements are required to complete the basic refrigeration cycle, a compressor, a condenser, a metering device expansion valve in this case, and an evaporator, all labeled below in the system diagram along with connecting components.
Refrigeration cycle animation vapor compression cycle. Mechanical refrigeration is a process for exchanging heat to effect a desired temperature in an environment andor an end product. Refrigeration and airconditioning notes pdf for gate. However, it is not a suitable model for refrigeration cycles since processes 23 and 41 are not practical because process 23 involves the compression of a liquidvapor mixture, which requires a compressor that will handle two phases, and process 4. Figure shows the components in the cycle and figure 14 shows the basic cycle on the ph diagram. Wet refrigeration cycle the expander has been substituted by a throttling valve. Jul 29, 1980 open cycle refrigeration ocr and closed cycle refrigeration ccr systems. The beginning of the refrigeration cycle starts at point 1 see the lower right section of figure 1.
The most common refrigeration cycle used in home refrigeratorsis the vaporcompression refrigeration cycle. The most common refrigeration system in use today involves the input of work from a compressor and uses the vapor compression cycle. The compression refrigeration cycle on the h, log pdiagram 66. These cryogenic systems are used to cool lownoise preamplifiers and some of the antenna feed system components for the dsns receivers. A refrigeration system is a combination of components and equipment connected in a sequential order to produce the refrigeration effect. Refrigerant remains piped between these four components and is contained in the refrigerant loop. The fluid absorbs heat at a low temperature and pressure and transfers heat at a higher temperature and pressure. Mechanical refrigeration is the process of using a volatile fluid to absorb heat from a lower temperature place, raising. The refrigeration cycles can also be represented in a ph diagram. Find more similar flip pdfs like refrigeration lab report2037.
Refrigeration and airconditioning notes pdf for gate, isro. When the gas packet is at maximum compression, the gas ejects the heat back into the stack since the temperature of the gas is now higher than the temperature of the stack. The effect of selecting proper refrigeration cycle components. The reversed carnot cycle is the most efficient refrigeration cycle operating between two specified temperature levels. An actual vaporcompression refrigeration cycle differs from the ideal one owing mostly to the irreversibilities that occur in various components, mainly due to fluid friction causes pressure drops and heat transfer to or from the surroundings. Dec 01, 2015 a refrigeration cycle with jt expansion is called jt cycle, whose standard structure for liquefaction is shown in fig. The reversed carnot cycle is the most efficient refrigeration cycle operating between two specified. Discuss basic components of a vapour compression refrigeration system. Also an absorber, a pump and a generator are used to complete the cycle.
A refrigerator is a device operating in a cycle, maintains a body at a temperature lower than that of the surroundings. The edited or custom programmed software shall be downloaded and exe. Chapter 3 components for refrigeration cycle efficiency. Ideal basic refrigeration cycle the ideal basic refrigeration cycle consists of four components, connected by piping with refrigerant flowing through the system. Definition, types, classification of refrigerants, advantages, disadvantages, and applications pdf the equipment used for removing the heat continuously for maintaining a low temperature in a space is called refrigerator. Gas compression theoretically follows a line of constant entropy. High pressure ammonia vapor enters the condenser, where it transfers heat to the neighborhood.
Except in special applications, the refrigeration system components are standard components manufactured by industries specializing in individual components compressors 1. Rev pages chapter 9 refrigerants, refrigeration cycles, and. If an expander had been used the line from d to a would be a vertical line. The refrigeration system consists of 4 major components. In order for the refrigeration cycle to operate successfully each component must be present. A basic refrigeration system consists of four important component and devices. Rejected heat at the cascade condenser would be treated as the chiller load in making a cross plot of the upper cycle, hightemperature refrigeration system. The different stages in the refrigeration cycle are undergone in these physical systems. Refrigerant absorbs unwanted heat at one location and releases it at another location. Analysis of a vaporcompression refrigeration cycle maplesoft.
Energy analysis example assignment plan for the next class. Basic refrigeration cycle and concepts, standard rating of refrigerating machines lesson 2. Refrigeration maintains the temperature of the heat source below that of its surroundings. The effect of selecting proper refrigeration cycle. Air conditioning clinic refrigeration cycle one of the trane. The refrigeration cycle in the log ph diagram the distinctive feature of the refrigeration cycle is that it runs counterclockwise, i. A refrigeration system is a combination of components and equipment connected in a sequential order to produce the desired refrigeration effect cooling or heating. Refrigeration system components emerson climate technologies. The refrigeration systems commonly used for air conditioning can be classified by the type of input energy and the refrigeration. In the last session, we had discussed vapor compression refrigeration cycle and in todays session, we. Seminar on absorption refrigeration system pdf report download. Basic refrigeration cycle fundamental refrigeration. Vapour compression cycle is an improved type of air refrigeration cycle in which a suitable working substance, termed as refrigerant, is used.
The evaporator, the compressor, the condenser, and a flowmetering device such as an expansion valve. For efficient operation of the refrigeration system, it is essential that there be a proper matching between various components. In its simplest form, the refrigeration cycle consists of just 4 basic components to complete the circuit. The coefficient of performance for carnot refrigerators and heat pumps are. This video is an animation of how the refrigeration cycle. An electric heater or steam is used to add the heat to the refrigerant for its evaporation. Firstlesson on how the basic refrigeration cycle works the refrigeration cycle explains to us what is happening to the ac freon in each of the four components within the air conditioner units. It tells us how much refrigerant the evaporator absorbs, the refrigerant properties in the compressor, and how much refrigerant the condenser rejects. A compressor is the most important and often the costliest component typically 30 to 40 percent of total cost of any vapour compression refrigeration system vcrs. Refrigerants absorb heat by evaporating and release heat through condensing.
This cycle has four components, as seen in figure 1. Analysis of standard vapour compression refrigeration system section 10. Although each separate part covers a specific area of refrigeration theory and practice, each successive publication presumes a basic understanding of the material presented in the previous sections. Refrigeration cycle animation vapor compression cycle explained. The refrigeration systems commonly used for air conditioning can be classified by the type of input energy and the refrigeration process as follows. Here the heat energy is utilized to achieve the refrigeration. For more information on the basic refrigeration cycle, see chapter 1 of the 2005 ashrae handbookfundamentals. The evaporator, the compressor, the condenser, and a. Explain the function of the 4 system components explain refrigerant properties section 1 introduction. Refrigeration and air conditioning pdf book agrimoon. Refrigeration fundamentals heatcraft worldwide refrigeration.
Mar 27, 2012 as the packet is compressed, the sound wave does work on the packet of gas, providing the power for the refrigerator. Vapor compression system vapor absorption system the vapor compression cycle is explained in the refrigeration cycle animation video above. Mechanical refrigeration is the process of using a volatile fluid to absorb heat. Knowledge refrigeration cycle by ravti building engines. Refrigeration cycle refrigeration refrigerator free. At the low temperatures prevailing in a refrigeration system the evaporation pressure is extremely low and there is a risk of the water freezing. The vaporcompression refrigeration cycle has four components.
Liquid ammonia leaves the condenser and passes through an expansion valve, reaching the evaporator pressure. A diagram of a typical vaporcompression refrigeration cycle can be superimposed on a pressureenthalpy ph chart to demonstrate the function of each component in the system. Pdf component balancing in refrigeration systems federico. Refrigeration systems refer to the different physical components that make up the total refrigeration unit. The refrigerant begins as a cool vapor and heads to the first component. Refrigeration lab report2037 was published by reda. Schematic and ts diagram for the actual vaporcompression.
Refrigeration cycle refrigeration refrigerator free 30. The information included on refrigeration components is general in nature and is. A compressor is the most important and often the costliest component typically 30 to. Well, thats almost it we also need a refrigerant to cycle inside the circuit. Sep 10, 2016 the refrigeration cycle contains four major components. Refrigeration cycle is the basis of all refrigeration systems. As shown in the figures, the cycle of operations consists of.
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